Which factor do lead times directly affect in supply chain performance?

Lead times are a crucial element in supply chain performance because they directly impact how quickly orders can be fulfilled. When lead times are minimized, businesses can respond to customer orders more rapidly, which enhances order fulfillment speed. This rapid response is vital in maintaining high levels of customer satisfaction, as customers often expect timely deliveries.

In a scenario where lead times are extended, companies may struggle to meet customer demands, leading to delays in order delivery. As a result, this can significantly lower customer satisfaction, ultimately affecting customer loyalty and the overall perception of the company's reliability. Efficient management of lead times ensures that products reach customers promptly, aligning with their expectations and needs.

The other factors mentioned in the options, such as raw material costs, the number of suppliers, and the types of products offered, can be influenced by various other aspects of the supply chain, but they do not have a direct relationship with lead times in the same way that order fulfillment speed and customer satisfaction do.