Explain what a kanban system is.

A kanban system is fundamentally a visual signaling system for workflow management. It is used primarily in lean manufacturing and just-in-time (JIT) production to optimize efficiency and minimize waste. The core concept involves using visual cues, like cards or boards, to indicate where a task is in the workflow, helping teams manage the flow of materials and work-in-progress items effectively. This visualization helps identify bottlenecks, facilitates communication among team members, and ensures that the production process adheres to demand.

In a kanban system, each signal represents a need for materials or action, which helps maintain the right level of inventory without overproducing. This method encourages continuous improvement and enhances flexibility within the production process. By providing clear visual indications of workflow status, teams can respond quickly to changes in demand, thereby improving overall operational efficiency.